Mechanism for making sidewalks, curbs, and gutters.



' "No. 72 9,852- PATENTEDJUNE 2,1903.

' 1). EST-ELL.

MECHANISM FOR MAKING SIDEWALKS, GURBS, AND GUTTEES.- APPLICATION rninn JAR. so, 1901. no MODEL.

fiwa A TTORNEY.

NiTiE STATES- Patented Tune 2, 1903 {PATENT OFFICE, I

DANIEL B. ESTELL, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO SAMUEL J. OSBORN,

JR, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

MECHANISM FOR MAKING SIDEWALKS, CURBS, AND GUTTERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 729,852, dated d'li ne 2, 1903. Application filed January 30, 1901. Serial No. 45,388. (No model.)

. Sidewalks, Curbs, and Gutters, of which the following is a specification.

The several features of my invention and the various advantages resulting from their use conjointly or otherwise will be apparent from the followingdescription and claims.

In the accompanying drawings, making a part of this application, and in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts, Figure 1 represents a view in perspec tive of a portion of a frame, a part ofthe general compartment therein, together with my invention applied thereto, a division of concrete being also shown therein, the device being employed in making concrete pavements. Fig. 2 represents in perspective and enlarged a part ot' the side frame provided with a feature of my invention. Fig. 3 is a View, also enlarged and in perspective, of a portion of the end of one of the separators or division-pieces provided with a feature of my invention. Fig. 1 is a view in perspective of the mechanism for making curb and gutter. Fig. 5 is a View in perspective of a separator for curb and gutter formation and formed according to my invention. Figs. t and 5 are I on a scale larger than that of Fig. 1, but less than that of Figs. 2 and-3. Fig. 6 represents, on a diminished scale, a View in perspective of the concrete of a pavement and of a curb and gutter, the pavementbeing separated, as in country sidewalks, by a plot of grass.

I will novc proceed to describe my invention in detail. I will first describe it in connection with a sidewalk and then in its application to a curb and gutter.

- The classes of material which I purpose using are what is known in general under the term concrete. Such concrete is while in a semiliquid or viscous state poured or placed within. the mold or form whereby it is to be shaped and retained until it is hard and solid. A suitable foundation must be present on which the concrete is laid. This foundation is preferably of cinders'.

subjected to the cold of winter. in a single day they expand andcontract In the manufacture of concrete pavement an important and necessary provision is channels in the pavement separating the same into blocks or divisions. These channels may vary as to their distance from one anjother. A desirable distance is anywhere from three to six feet.

In Figs. 1 and G'is seen part of a concrete say that such. concrete pavements expand very much whensubjected to the heat of summer, and they contract very much when greatly, owing to the great rise or fall of the temperature. For beauty of workmanship, as wellas excellence in accomplishing the functiou'which it is intended they should perform, it is desirable that such channels be quitenarrow and exceedingly straight.

iVarious devices and mechanisms have been usedand tried to accomplish the formation of these channels. The mechanismsI have invented are exceedingly simple, economical in cost, efficacious in. use, and quickly handled. They are exceedingly accurate in function. On the sidewalk on which the con cr'ete is to be laid I lay down the usual side pieces or boards A on a foundation, heretofore mentioned, on piece A on the side toward the gutter and the other on the oppo site side of the walk. These pieces A are then held in place by any well-known means-*- as, for example, by stakes driven into .the ground. Thusfar the constr'uction is old. I now apply my improvements. :At those points along each of the side pieces Awhere I desire to locate my dividing-strips or separators D, I cut in the inner upper edge pertion of these side pieces an inclined kerf or groove C, whose bottom C runs from the upper outer edge of the piece A downward to the inner side of the piece. The direction of Very often this channel is transverse to the length of the piece A. I form each end of the separator-D with a projection E, Whose bottom E inclines upward and outward, substantially as shown. Thus when the separator is united to the piece A the lower portion of the end of the erably be in the same plane with the bottom of the pieces A, because it-is desirable to altogether separate the divisions of concrete to properly provide for their simultaneous expansion and contraction. Each separator is preferably provided with means for engaging it and lifting it out of engagement with the side pieces A. A desirable means for this purpose consists of the openings E one near each end of each separator and located near the upper edge thereof, substantially as shown.

The side framing pieces A and A the piece A and the wedges II are preferably made of wood, but the strips or separators D and the clamps I and 'F are preferably made of iron.

The mode in which these features of my invention operate is as follows: The framepieces A A being duly secured in place, substantially as specified, each separator D is duly placed in position, its ends E fitting into the respective adjacent grooves of the side pieces A, substantially as shown. The concrete in a semiliquid and plastic form is now placed within the compartments and the top is duly smoothed, if that be desired or necessary. As soon as the concrete is duly set the separators may be removed. They are lifted out, preferably, by means of a hook made to catch into the opening E of the separator. As soon as they are removed they are ready to be used as separatorsin forming compartments for laying another length of Walk.

The mode in which my invention is employed in laying curbs and gutters of concrete is substantially as follows: There is a side piece A, whose height is the height of the outer side or edge of the gutter, and another side piece A whose height is equal to that of the gutter and curb, and these pieces are duly secured in place and will then relatively occupy the position shown in Fig. 4. The individual compartments are formed by separators D D the part D being the lower part, running all the way across the general compartment and being of the height the concrete forming the gutter is to be, and the part D being the upper part or extension of the separator and being of the height of the curb and gutter. The upper outer edge portion of this upper part D extends out into a projection similar to E E of the separator D first described, and I have therefore similarly marked the same E The upper outer edge portion of that end of part D opposite where the part D extends up therefrom has a projection E E In the upperinner edge of the side piece A A are kerfs or grooves C, out;

therein to respectively receive the projections EE and these rooves are similar to those of the side pieces A first described. The inner upper edge of the side piece A opposite to the piece A A also has kerfs or grooves C, like those first mentioned in connection with the side pieces A. The separators are duly placed in the compartment, the projections E E fitting the grooves G of the side A and of the side A A substantially as shown. A verycon venient and preferred means for thus securing the parts together consists of the clamps F, which duly straddle the compartment formed by the parts A A and the separators and ends where the latter are used.

One hooked end of each clamp goes down outside of side piece A and. the other hooked end of this clamp goes down outside of the piece A V here the general compartment formed by the pieces A and A is not unusually long, two such clamps, one near each end of the compartment, will be sufficient to duly hold the pieces A and A to place against the end pieces and to brace the pieces A A against deflection; but where the pieces A A are very long, the compartment they bound being unusually long, there will preferably be one or more of these clamps located intermediate of the ends and arranged to brace the pieces A and A from'outward deflection. To duly hold the clamps in place, inasmuch as those shown and preferably employed are not adjustable so that they can be shortened, I insert Wedges H between each clamp and the adjacent side piece, as A or A substantially as shown. The concrete is-now placed within the compartment until it rises to the level of the part -A. Then an additional side piece A is located on the tops of the lower part of the separatorsD and brought against thatvertical edge of the part D which is opposite where the side piece A comes. This side piece A is duly secured to place. A convenient means for this purpose are the clamps F similar to the clamps F, but shorter, and applied as shown. These clamps are preferably secured by wedges. (See Fig.at.) Concrete is then poured into the upper compartments formed by the part A and the parts D of the separator and the side piece A and the concrete already poured in, as aforementioned. When these upper compartments are full, the entire mass of concrete is allowed to set, and when sufficiently dry the side piece A is removed. Next the separators are lifted out and removed. Such removal is accomplished, preferably, by means of the holes or recesses E in the ends of the separators and a hook for insertion therein.

The side pieces and the separators may be formed according to my invention previously to being laid down.

What I claim as new and of my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an apparatus for laying concrete, the side pieces forming the sidesof the general compartment, each side piece provided at its upper inner edge with a groove having an inclined bottom, and the intermediate crosspieces or separators provided at the upper portion of each end with a projection having an inclined bottom, and adapted to fit the groove aforementioned, in the side frame, and the independent clamps F extending over the side pieces, and wedges, for clamping the side pieces against the ends of the separators, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. In an apparatus for laying concrete, the side pieces one A of the height of the concrete of the gutter and the other side piece A of the height of the concrete of the gutter and curb, each of these side pieces provided at its upper inner edge with a groove having an inclined bottom, and a separator having a lower portion of the height of the gutter concrete, and an upper portion of the height of the gutter and curb concrete, the upper portion of each end of the separator formed with projecting part E, E to engage respectively in the grooves aforementioned, and a side piece A adapted in connection with the said rear side piece A to retain and to form the concrete of the curb, and means for holding together the rear side piece, and the side piece A, and the rear side piece A and the side piece Aisubstantially as and for the pn rposes specified.

3. In an apparatus for laying concrete, the side pieces one of the height of the concrete of the gutter and the other side piece of the height of the concrete of the gutter and curb, each of these side pieces provided at its upper inner edge with a groove having an inclined bottom,and a separator having a lower portion of the height of the gutter concrete, and an upper portion of the height of the curb and gutter concrete, the upper portion of each end of the separator formed .with projecting part E, E to engage respectively in the grooves aforementioned, and a side piece A adapted in connection with the said rear side piece A to retain and to form the concrete of the curb,

and a clamp F, and wedges for overarching and securing in place rear side A and the front side A, and clamp F? for overarching and securing in place the rear side A and the front curb side A substantiallyas and for the purposes specified.

4. In an apparatus for laying concrete, the side pieces forming the sides of the general compartment, each side piece provided at its upper inner edge with a groove having an inclined bottom, and the intermediate crosspieces or separators provided at the upper portion of each end with a projection having an inclined bottom, and adapted to fit the groove aforementioned in the side frame,each of the ends being provided with opening E located in the separator just behind the inclined bottom, and the independent clamps F extending over and down outside of the side pieces, and wedges for clamping the side pieces against the ends of the separators, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. In an apparatus for laying concrete, the side pieces forming the sides of the general compartment, each side piece provided at its inner edge with a groove having an inclined bottom, and the intermediate crosspieces or separators provided at the upper portion of each end with a projection having an inclined bottom, and adapted to fit the groove aforementioned, in the side frame, and means for securing the side pieces in place, against the ends of the separators, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. In an apparatus for laying concrete, the

side pieces forming the sides of the general compartment, each side piece provided at its inner edge with a groove having an inclined bottom, and the intermediate cross-pieces or.

separators provided at the upper portion of each end with a projection having an inclined bottom, and adapted to fit the groove aforementioned, in the side frame, each of the ends of the separators being provided with opening E located just behind the inclined bottom, and means for securing the side pieces in place, against the ends of the separaters, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

- DANIEL B. ESTELL.

, Attest:

SAMUEL A. WEST, R. SMITH.

ICO 

